| No. |
Description |
The Old Covenant |
The New Covenant |
| 1 |
They were instituted at different times. |
Around 1446 B.C |
Around 33 A.D |
| 2 |
They were instituted at different places. |
At Mount Sinai |
At Mount Zion |
| 3 |
They were spoken in different ways. |
The Old Covenant was thundered with fear and dread at Mount Sinai (Exodus 19:17-24) |
Jesus Christ, God the Son, declared the New Covenant with love and grace |
| 4 |
They have different mediators. |
Moses |
Jesus |
| 5 |
They are different in their subject matter. |
Demanded a covenant of works |
Fulfills the covenant of works through the completed work of Jesus |
| 6 |
They are different in how they were dedicated. |
Was dedicated with the blood of animals sprinkled on the people (Exodus 24:5-8) |
was dedicated with Jesus’ blood (signifying His sacrificial death) spiritually applied to His people |
| 7 |
They are different in their priests. |
Is represented by the priesthood of the Law of Moses and high priests descended from Aaron |
Has a priesthood of all believers and a High Priest according to the order of Melchizedek |
| 8 |
They are different in their sacrifices. |
Demanded endless repetition of imperfect sacrifices |
Provides a once and for all, perfect sacrifice of the Son of God Himself |
| 9 |
They are different in how and where they were written. |
Was written by God on tablets of stone |
Is written by God on the hearts of His people |
| 10 |
They are different in their goals. |
Was to discover sin, to condemn it, and to set a “fence” around it |
Is to declare the love, grace, and mercy of God, and to give repentance, remission of sin, and eternal life |
| 11 |
They are different in their practical effect on living. |
Ends in bondage (through no fault of its own) |
Provides true liberty |
| 12 |
They are different in their giving of the Holy Spirit. |
Under this, the Holy Spirit was given to certain people for certain specific duties |
Under this, the Holy Spirit is poured out freely on all who will receive Him by faith |
| 13 |
They are different in their idea of the Kingdom of God. |
The Kingdom of God is mainly seen as the supreme rule of Israel over the nations |
The Kingdom of God is both a present spiritual reality and a coming literal fact |
| 14 |
They are different in their substance. |
Has vivid shadows |
Has the reality |
| 15 |
They are different in the extent of their administration. |
Was confined to the descendants of Abraham through Isaac and Jacob according to the flesh |
Is extended to all nations and races under heaven |
| 16 |
They are different in what they actually accomplish. |
Made nothing perfect |
Can and will bring in the perfection of God’s people |
| 17 |
They are different in their duration. |
Was designed to prepare the way for the New Covenant and then pass away as a principle of God’s dealing with men |
Was designed to last forever |
| No. |
Old Covenant |
New Covenant |
| |
If you do... |
It is done... |
| 1 |
If you listen (Exodus 23:22) |
You are forgiven! (Colossians 2:13) |
| 2 |
If you look (Deuteronomy 4:29) |
You are healed! (1 Peter 2:24) |
| 3 |
If you bring (Leviticus 2:4) |
You are blessed! (Ephesians 1:3) |
| 4 |
If you follow (Leviticus 26:3) |
You are righteous! (1 Corinthians 5:21) |
| 5 |
If you pay attention (Deuteronomy 7:12) |
You are holy! (Hebrews 10:10) |
| 6 |
If you make (Deuteronomy 23:21) |
You are mighty! (Ephesians 1:19) |
| 7 |
If you obey (Deuteronomy 28:2) |
You are accepted! (Romans 15:7) |
| 8 |
If you disobey (Deuteronomy 28:15) |
You are loved! (Romans 8:39) |
